Publications
Search results for 'waldie'
Association between frequent headaches, persistent smoking and attempts to quit. | 2008
Waldie, K.E., McGee, R. , Reeder,
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Headache, 2008, 48(48), 545-52.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18218010
Our ref: RO557
Background.—Recent studies have found a strong relationship between tobacco smoking and headache pain. It remains unclear whether smoking behavior leads to headache or visa versa, mainly due to the cross-sectional nature of the majority of this research. Objective.—To help clarify the direction of the relation between smoking and frequent headaches in a representative cohort study. Design and Methods.—Members of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (N = 980) were asked about their cigarette smoking and headache history at ages 11 and 13 (childhood), age 15 (mid-adolescence), and age 26 (adulthood). Both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between smoking and headache status were examined using logistic regression. Results.—During mid-adolescence, the likelihood of frequent headaches doubled for smokers relative to nonsmokers (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.39-3.35). Smoking did not increase the risk of developing headaches in adulthood, however. In contrast, individuals who suffered from frequent headaches during mid-adolescence were 2 times more likely to smoke in adulthood than those without headache (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.3-3.7), after controlling for sex and family socioeconomic status. Attempts to quit smoking were significantly more difficult for migraine sufferers with a history of headache than for those with tension-type headache. Conclusions.—Frequent headaches during mid-adolescence appear to increase the risk of daily smoking in adolescence and adulthood. These individuals also have a more difficult time quitting than their headache-free peers.
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Cognitive function in tension-type headache | 2007
Waldie, K.E., Welch, D.
Current Pain and Headache Reports, 2007, 11(11), 454-460.
Our ref: RO546
The association between tension-type headache and cognitive ability was assessed among 971 members of a longitudinal birth cohort study. Primary headache status was determined at age 32 years according to 2004 International Headache Society criteria, frequent childhood headaches were identified from parent report from ages 7 to 13 years, and data relating to cognitive and academic performance from ages 3 to 32 years were analyzed. Adult study members with tension-type headache did not score worse on any of the cognitive measures relative to headache-free controls or headache-free tinnitus sufferers. Instead, a consistent relation was found between childhood headache (regardless of headache diagnosis in adulthood) and lower scores on most cognitive measures from age 3 years through adolescence (verbal and performance IQ, receptive language, and reading scores). The data indicate that cognitive performance deficits in childhood headache sufferers can probably be attributed to factors stemming from utero or early childhood.
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Effectiveness of a community-based truancy intervention: a pilot study | 2002
Milne, B.J., Chalmers, S., Waldie,
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New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 2002, 37(37), 191-203.
Our ref: NZ86
This study assessed the effectiveness of a community-based intervention programme aimed at reintegrating youths back into school and improving problem behaviours and family functioning. Sixty-six youths (35 male, age range: 11 16 years) referred primarily for truancy, received an individualised intervention (lasting 6-13 months) which, for 31 youths, included mentoring. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included frequency of truancy, the Youth Self Report (YSR) and the Family Environment Scales (FES) (n=59). Results indicated that (a) the proportion of youths truanting persistently decreased from 82% to 37%, (b) males (particularly non-persistent truants) showed improvement on the YSR delinquency subscale; females improved on YSR delinquency, depression and aggression subscales, and (c) youths’ FES conflict scores improved (particularly those who were assigned mentors). Drug use was related to improvements across all three domains, but in different ways (e.g., drug non-use was related to improvements in truancy while drug use was related to delinquency improvements). It is concluded that the intervention was partially successful. Its success may have been due to the multimodal and tailored nature of the program.
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The burden of illness associated with headache disorders among young adults in a representative cohort study | 2002
Waldie, K.E., Poulton, R.
Headache, 2002, 42(42), 612-619.
Our ref: RO422
This study investigated the functional impairment (work and social functioning and general health status) associated with migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) among young adult members of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study. Using criteria based on the International Headache Society classificatory system, the 1-year prevalence for migraine headache was 7.4%, TTH was 11.1%, and combined headache (coexisting migraine and TTH) was 4.3%. All comparisons were against a health control group (headache free) and a diagnostic control group (individuals without headache currently using medication for asthma). Although those suffering from migraine and combined headache had the most severe impairment in work- and social-related activities, those with TTH reported significantly poorer social and mental health functioning and poorer emotional and physical functioning while performing everyday roles than did headache-free controls. Study members with combined headache had the poorest self-reported health, with significantly lower ratings on physical, vitality, and mental health measures than asthmatics currently using medication. The pervasive impairment reported across multiple life domains among young headache sufferers illustrates the significant burden of illness associated with headache disorders.
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Migraine and cognitive function: a life-course study | 2002
Waldie, K.E., Hausmann, M., Milne,
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Neurology, 2002, 59(59), 904-908.
Our ref: RO421
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between migraine and cognitive ability among members of a longitudinal birth cohort study. METHODS: Headache status was determined at age 26 (migraine, tension- type headache [TTH], headache-free control subjects) according to International Headache Society criteria, and data relating to cognitive and academic performance from ages 3 to 26 years were analyzed. RESULTS: Study members diagnosed with migraine were subtly but significantly impaired, compared with those with TTH and headache-free control subjects, on tests of verbal ability (especially language reception) from ages 3 to 13, independent of headache history. Performance on other tasks, including reading, arithmetic, motor, and spatial ability, was normal. The association between migraine and verbal functioning also appeared to impact on later academic success. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that the poorer verbal performance was unlikely to have resulted from cumulative attacks and may be due to developmental factors beginning in utero.
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Physical and psychological correlates of primary headache in young adulthood: A 26 year longitudinal study | 2002
Waldie, K.E., Poulton, R.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 2002, 72(72), 86-92.
Our ref: RO398
Objectives: To determine if physical and/or psychological risk factors could differentiate between subtypes of primary headache (migraine, tension-type headache (TTH), and coexisting migraine and TTH (combined)) among members of a longitudinal birth cohort study. Methods: At age 26, the headache status of members of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (DMHDS) was determined using International Headache Society criteria. Headache history and potential physical and psychological correlates of headache were assessed. These factors included perinatal problems and injuries sustained to age 26; and behavioural, personality, and psychiatric disorders assessed between ages 5 to 21. Results: The 1 year prevalences for migraine, TTH, and combined headache at the age of 26 were 7.2%, 11.1%, and 4.3%, respectively. Migraine was related to maternal headache, anxiety symptoms in childhood, anxiety disorders during adolescence and young adulthood, and the stress reactivity personality trait at the age of 18. TTH was significantly associated with neck or back injury in childhood (before the age of 13). Combined headache was related to maternal headache and anxiety disorder at 18 and 21 only among women with a childhood history of headache. Headache status at the age of 26 was unrelated to a history of perinatal complication, neurological disorder, or mild traumatic head injury. Conclusions: Migraine and TTH seem to be distinct disorders with different developmental characteristics. Combined headache may also have a distinct aetiology.
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Determinants of early- versus late-onset dental fear in a longitudinal epidemiological study | 2001
Poulton, R., Waldie, K.E., Thomson,
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Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2001, 39(39), 777-785.
Our ref: RO377
A longitudinal investigation of risk factors for Early- and Late-onset dental fear was conducted. Early-onset dental fear was related to conditioning experiences (indexed via caries level and tooth loss), service use patterns, stress reactive personality and specific beliefs about health professionals. Late-onset dental fear was related to aversive conditioning experiences, irregular service use and an external locus of control. In contrast to recent findings for dental anxiety, personality factors were not strongly related to the onset of dental fear in young adulthood. The key role played by conditioning events in the development of both Early- and Late-onset dental fear was confirmed. Conditioning events appear to play a different role in the development of dental fear versus dental anxiety. This may reflect important, but largely ignored differences between these two closely related constructs. Interventions for Early-onset dental fear should aim to modify both the dental fear and the personality vulnerabilities that may contribute to the development of dental fear early in the life-course.
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Childhood headache, stress in adolescence, and primary headache in young adulthood: A longitudinal cohort study | 2001
Waldie, K.E.
Headache, 2001, 41(41), 1-10.
Our ref: RO369
Objectives. To determine the association between childhood history of headache, adolescent stress, and headache syndromes (determined by International Headache Society criteria) in young adulthood. Background. The association between stress and tension-type headache has recently been challenged. Little is known about stress and other headache subtypes, particularly among young people from the general population. Design. Members of the longitudinal Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study participated in this study. Study members were asked about headache characteristics/symptoms at age 26 (96% of the living cohort) and historical records were examined to ascertain headache history (< 12 yrs) and the reporting of stressful life events at age 15. Results. Study members with childhood headache were significantly more likely to report adolescent stress than those without headache. High intensity stress during mid-adolescence increased the likelihood of migraine diagnosis. In the case of combined headache (individuals with migraine attacks as well as tension-type headache) this relation held only for those with a history of headache. Stress associated with bodily changes during mid-adolescence was the only significant predictor of tension-type headache. Conclusions. Childhood headaches are related to the appraisal of life events reported during mid-adolescence. Childhood headaches also appear to confer a specific risk for the development of combined headache. There was little evidence for a prospective relation between stress in mid-adolescence and tension-type headache in young adulthood, supporting claims that proximal (rather than distal) stress is associated with this disorder.
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Failure to overcome 'innate' fear: A developmental test of the non-associative model of fear acquisition | 2001
Poulton, R., Waldie, K.E., Menzies,
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Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2001, 39(39), 29-43.
Our ref: RO359
The non-associative, Darwinian theory of fear acquisition proposes that some individuals fail to overcome biologically-relevant fears (e.g. height) because they (1) do not have sufficient safe exposure to the relevant stimuli early in life or (2) are poor habituators who have difficulty learning not to fear. These two hypotheses were tested in a longitudinal birth cohort study. Study 1 found evidence for reduced exposure to height stimuli in childhood for individuals with a fear of heights compared to study members without fear. Study 2 found evidence for higher levels of stress reactivity (a proxy for habituation) in childhood and adolescence among 18-year-old height phobics compared to study members with dental phobia and those with no fear. The results were discussed in relation to recent findings suggesting that some evolutionary-relevant fears may appear in the absence of traumatic learning experiences. The merits of adding a fourth, non-associative pathway to Rachman's [Rachman, S. (1977)] The conditioning theory of fear acquisition: a critical examination (Behavior Research and Therapy, 15, 375-387) three pathways model of fear acquisition were briefly considered.
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Users of unconventional practitioners: a profile of 26 year old New Zealanders | 2000
Milne, B.J., Waldie, K.E., Poulton,
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New Zealand Medical Journal, 2000, 113(113), 396-399.
Our ref: NZ79
Aims: To profile 26 year old New Zealand unconventional practitioner users. Methods: 977 members of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study participating in the age-26 assessment (1998-1999) answered questions about 12-month health service use, education, income, recent medical history, current health status and avoidance of medical situations. Results: 10% had used an unconventional practitioner in the previous 12 months. The majority (88%) had also used a conventional practitioner. Those using both types of practitioner were heavy users of health services (12 visits/year). Compared to those who used conventional practitioners exclusively, they had significantly higher incomes and were more likely to report a serious injury, a current disability, a history of back problems, role limitations due to physical health problems, and more bodily pain (all p <0.01). Conclusions: 26 year old New Zealand users of unconventional practitioner have a similar profile to their counterparts in other developed countries. It appears that their health needs are not fully met by conventional services, emphasising the need for more research into the aetiology and treatment of ailments (eg, back pain) for which unconventional practitioners are commonly sought. The Medical Council of New Zealand guidelines on unconventional medicine are discussed in light of these findings.
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The effects of pre- and post-natal sunlight exposure on human growth: evidence from the southern hemisphere | 2000
Waldie, K.E., Poulton, R., Kirk,
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Early Human Development, 2000, 60(60), 35-42.
Our ref: RO368
Several recent studies have reported a causal association between stature and month of birth. Perinatal exposure to sunlight has been suggested as the principal factor underlying this relationship, although the mechanisms involved remain a matter of debate. The longitudinal design of the present study allowed us to directly test the influence of perinatal sunlight exposure (and other meteorological and behavioural factors) on body size at birth and at regular intervals up to age 26. The findings confirmed that prenatal sunlight is one of the most significant determinants of height. However, the trimester of greatest influence differs depending on the age at which study members were measured.
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Dishabituation processes in height fear and dental fear: An indirect test of the non-associative model of fear acquisition | 2000
Poulton, R., Waldie, K.E., Craske,
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Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2000, 38(38), 909-919.
Our ref: RO352
The fear dishabituation hypothesis described in the non-associative model of fear acquisition was tested in a longitudinal birth cohort study. Results were consistent with height fear and phobia dishabituation. That is, 're-emergence' of a fear of heights occurred between age 11 and 18 years among individuals who reported higher levels of non-specific stress at age 15. Interestingly, there was no evidence for dental fear dishabituation - a finding consistent with the non-associative model of fear acquisition. Strengths and weaknesses of the study were considered and the results discussed in relation to laboratory-based findings on (dis)habituation.
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